In this, the last of H2Bid’s series on the effects of climate change, the options
for action will continue to be explored. As mentioned in the third article,
surprisingly little effort has gone into preparing for climate change even
though most scientists agree that even the aggressive greenhouse gas
emission targets proposed for the Copenhagen Climate Conference in 2009
will have little, if any, measurable effect on the current global warming trend.
The last article suggested some general preparations that could minimize
potential negative outcomes of climate change; this article will discuss specific
actions that water planners, hydrologists and regional managers could take to
protect the water resources in their areas
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What We Can Expect

In the first of these articles on climate change, some of the current and
predicted temperature trends were discussed. In this, the third in the series,
a look at the trends on the ground and their effects will be discussed. What
will climate change mean for our planet? For us? In the second article we
ound that historic cultures both benefited and became imperiled as a result
of the climate changes they experienced. It will likely be a similar mixed result
for our time; some may find their way of life challenged while others may actually
find that their opportunities improve in the changing times.
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Global Climate Change - Part II Previous Climate Changes

In the first of these articles on the effects of climate change, several
exaggerated scenarios were offered as ‘worst case’ climate change outcomes.
For the most part, the scientific community dismisses these as hype and
propaganda; at the same time, some experts offer us insight into the real,
probable outcomes of climate change. How does the community of experts
go about separating the hype and hysteria from the probable and predicable?
In a word, history.

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Global Climate Change Part I - An introduction

As the Earth’s climate changes, new stresses will be placed on the planet’s
resources and those who are tasked with managing them. The available data
indicates that the global climate has warmed by approximately 0.74 °C (1.3 °F)
over the past hundred years, from 1906-2005 . Furthermore, many scientists
predict that the Earth’s average temperature could rise an additional
1.4 °C (2.5 °F) or more in the coming century. A great deal of attention has
been paid to what contributing role human activities may be playing in this
temperature rise; greenhouse gases, most specifically carbon dioxide (CO2),
produced as fossil fuels such as oil and coal are burned are cited as the major
drivers behind this temperature rise. In an effort to counter the trend, nations
began to propose reductions in greenhouse gases; at the Kyoto conference of
1992, specific greenhouse gas reduction targets were set for many
industrialized nations aimed at an overall reduction of 5.2% by 2010. The
Copenhagen conference, planned for 2009, is expected to push these target
reductions even further.

Read On…

Imagine that you were on the adventure of a lifetime, exploring outer space
and – literally – going where no one has gone before. Oh, and there’s just one
catch; you’ll need to recycle your own urine into drinking water. That’s now
reality for the astronauts aboard the International Space Station. In November,
the space shuttle Endeavor delivered NASA’s Water Recovery System (WRS) and
after a few initial glitches, it appears to be functioning well.
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On October 29th of 2008, the California Department of Water Resources (DWR)
announced that it would be allocating only 15% of the water requested by the
communities served by the State Water Project (SWP) in the State California;
this represents the second lowest allocation level in over 40 years. Several factors
have contributed to this conservative plan including a prolonged drought in the
region, lower than average snowfall, and a court decision to protect a small fish.
The California DWR is tasked with taking this all into account and managing the
State’s fresh water resources; a difficult task even in a wet year. Read More

One way that we can make our existing water supply work more effectively
for our society is conservation. Through efficient use of fresh water supplies,
it is possible to stretch our existing resources further and preserve them for the
future. While there are many novel concepts and technologies that could make
a substantial impact toward conserving our water a challenge has been sharing
that information with the broader community of regulators, planners, contractors,
and appliance makers so that national policies might be developed. All of these
groups have a direct influence in implementing water conservation technologies
but lack of a common forum appeared to impede progress historically. In a proactive
move to change that trend, in 2006, the US EPA announced the formation of the
Alliance for Water Efficiency (AWE). AWE’s primary mission is to serve as an
advocate for water efficiency research, evaluation, and education by bringing
local, state and federal regulators together with utilities and industry
representatives to the same table.
Read on…..

When people talk about the major issues impeding progress in bringing clean
water and sanitation to the developing world, themes like “limited resources,”
“lack of infrastructure,” and “war” are common. All are certainly very real barriers,
yet one issue that stands in the way of millions having access to water rarely gets
attention: corruption.

Read on..

Most people have heard of acid rain, widely discussed as a threat to forests
downwind from coal-fired power plants. Acid rain is primarily caused by
sulfur dioxide (SO2), a byproduct of burning coal, oil or gas that is tinged with
sulfur. Because sulfur is a commonly occurring element, it is virtually impossible
to find deposits of these fossil fuels that do not contain sulfur. When sulfur dioxide
is emitted as these fuels are burned, it enters the atmosphere and reacts with
water. The outcome of this reaction is sulfuric acid (H2SO4); it is this acid that
gives the rain its name.

Continued

A great deal of recent media attention has been paid to phosphorus as a pollutant; this
article is intended as a primer on that topic. Specifically, this article will explore what phosphorus is, why it is used and how it enters the water system. Beyond that, the
problems created by excess phosphorus will be examined along with the constructive
ways that states and communities have dealt with the issues.
Continued